Le Beau received piano lessons beginning at the age of five from her father William, a musician and composer. At age sixteen, she completed her education with a degree from a private institution for girls, and from then on devoted herself to music. Le Beau began to take piano lessons from Hofkapellmeister William Kalliwoda in Karlsruhe. She also received singing lessons from Anton Haizinger. In 1868 she made her debut as a pianist, playing the E-flat major Concerto of Beethoven and the G minor Concerto by Felix Mendelssohn in Karlsruhe. In 1903, 24 years prior to her death, she withdrew from her musical career and from 1906 to 1910, she lived in Italy. In 1910, Le Beau published her autobiography "Memoirs of a Female Composer" which includes retellings of her concerts and her experiences and interactions with both male and female colleagues. Her personal life, including her composition process and inspirations, was mentioned very briefly. Her last years were marked by travel, teaching, composing, giving concerts, and writing music reviews for the Baden-Baden newspaper. In this period, Le Beau began to give concerts in Baden-Baden. In 1922, the father of one of her former students offered her a pension for the duration of her life. On her 75th birthday, Le Beau gave a concert of her piano compositions. She died at the age of 77 years old in Baden-Baden and buried next to her parents in the city cemetery. In memory of the musician, the city of Baden-Baden has named their music library after her, and a memorial plaque was installed at Lichtenaler Straße 46, the building in which she lived and subsequently died.