Bądarzewska was born in Warsaw. She married Jan Baranowski and they had five children in their nine years of marriage. Bądarzewska-Baranowska died on 29 September 1861 in Warsaw when she was only 27 years old. Her grave in the Powązki Cemetery features a young woman with a roll of sheet music titled "A Maiden's Prayer" (French: La prière d'une vierge). In her brief lifetime, Bądarzewska wrote about 35 pieces for piano; her most famous composition is the piece Op. 4 "A Maiden's Prayer", which was published in 1856 in Warsaw, and then as a supplement to the Revue et gazette musicale de Paris in 1859.